30 Minutes free essay sample

The digits flash red on the clock at the end of the ice arena. 6:45. These numbers bring on both groans and cheers from the skaters around me. The simple figures signify that Coach Michael’s weekly power class has begun. We circle around him and await the fateful word that defines the next half hour. Michael casually declares—â€Å"Intervals.† Skate hard. Skate fast. Never let a single girl pass you. In any other moment, the girls surrounding me are my teammates. Not here. Right here, for the next half hour, these girls are my competition in a race with no winner. The only hope is that after 30 minutes of sweat and burn, the pain will finally be over—â€Å"Push it!† pierces through the music-filled arena like blades cutting through the ice. 6:47. Only 28 minutes to go. Before 6:55 has a chance to appear on the clock to congratulate us on the passing of the first ten minutes, I enter my zone. We will write a custom essay sample on 30 Minutes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The ice stretches long in front of me, my fellow teammates become a common blur, Michael’s barks to â€Å"Bend your knees!† and â€Å"Keep your head up!† are like hollow whispers somewhere beyond the walls of the ice rink. All I know is the beat. 1-2-3-4. Push-cross-push. 5-6-7-8. Repeat. The music breaks and a new, more relaxed piece brings on a much slower tempo than the song before it. As I enjoy my chance for a breath, I hold a long edge and remind myself why I am here and will be for many Tuesdays to come. True, this half-hour class conditions me physically, but so does any one of my six on-ice practices per week. I am confident that when I take the ice for the 2008 Midwestern Synchronized Skating Championships, the results of this class will not exist in my physical capabilities, but rather, in my mental strength. The music changes back to a heart-pounding rhythm. My mind fast-forwards through the months of hard training to come and I see myself about to take the ice at the crucial competition that will qualify my team for the 2008 National Synchronized Skating Championships. I stand, clenching the hands of my teammates, excited by the skate to come, fearful of a disappointing performance, intimidated by the crowd’s roar for the team before us, and saddened by the truth that this could be the end of our season. As the preceding team’s music fades and the doors before us open, I take my first step onto the ice. With a heart-warming squeeze from the hand of my closest teammate, I am brought back to tonight’s power class and the tags of inspiration I receive from my teammates as we reach the 25 minute feat. At 7:10 on this particular Tuesday night, the 2008 National Championships do not seem too far off, and now, neither does 7:15.

Elements and Drivers of Globalization †International Business Essay (100 Level Course)

Elements and Drivers of Globalization – International Business Essay (100 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Elements and Drivers of Globalization International Business Essay(100 Level Course) A.Globalization of Markets: It refers to the merging of national markets into one huge global marketplace. Now selling internationally is easier due to falling barriers to cross-border trade. A company doesn’t have to be the size of these multinational giants to facilitate and benefit from the globalization of markets. It is important to offer a standard product to the worldwide. But very significant differences still exist between national markets like consumer tastes, preferences, legal regulations, cultural systems. These differences require that marketing strategies in order to match the conditions in a country. To illustrate, Wal-Mart may still need to vary their product from country depending on local tastes and preferences. B.Globalization of Production: It refers to the sourcing of goods and services from locations around the world to take advantage of national differences in the cost and quality of factors of production. The idea is to compete more effectively offering a product with good quality and low cost. For example, Nike is considerated one of the leading marketers of athletic shoes and apparel on the world. The company has some overseas factories where has achieved a super production with low cost. Unfortunately Nike has been a target of protest and persistent accusations that its products are made in sweatshops with poor working conditions. The company has signaled a commitment to improving working conditions, but in spite of the fact, the attacks continue. C.Falling Barriers to Trade and Investment: The falling of barriers to international trade enables firms to view the world as their market. The lowering of barrier to trade and investments also allows firms to base production at the optimal location for that activity. Thus, a firm might design a product in one country, produce a component parts in two other countries, assemble the product in another country and then export the finished product around the world. The lowering of trade barriers has facilitated the globalization of production. The evidence also suggests that foreign direct investment is playing an increasing role in the global economy D.Technological Innovation: Technological changes have achieved advances in communication, information processing, and transportation technology, including the Internet and the World Wide Web (www). The most important innovation has been development in the microprocessors after that global communications have been revolutionized by developments in satellite, optical fiber, and wireless technologies, and now the Internet and the www. The rapid growth of the internet and the associated www is the latest expression of this development. Besides, innovations have occurred in the field of the transportation technology. The development of commercial jet aircraft has reduced the time needed to get from one location to another. Now New York is closer to Tokyo than ever. Research Papers on Elements and Drivers of Globalization - International Business Essay (100 Level Course)Definition of Export QuotasRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAWMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Project Managment Office SystemGenetic Engineering

Hans Bellmers intentions and its portrayal of surrealism ideas Essay - 1

Hans Bellmers intentions and its portrayal of surrealism ideas - Essay Example The essay "Hans Bellmer’s intentions and its portrayal of surrealism ideas" explores Hans Bellmer. Hans was just a mere draftsman for a company that he worked for until 1926. Later on, he initiated his own doll project. It was aimed at opposing the fascism that was prevalent in Germany under the Nazi party. This doll expressed ideas of surrealism in the way that it was made. It represented by unconventional poses and mutated forms. The unconventional poses and the mutated forms were the creative intentions of Hans’s that expressed ideas of surrealism. His first doll explicitly sexualized as a female doll representing a young girl incorporated the usage of ball joint in its structure. He wrote a book in 1934 named the ‘The Doll’ on which he took the surreal picture of ten of his original doll prototypes. His dolls were 56 inches tall and had a unique torso that was made by using flax fiber, plaster, and glue. It also consisted of a mask-like head that was si mply constructed using the same material as the torso. The doll’s eyes were made of glass and its legs form dowel rods or broomsticks. This combination was made complete by having differentiated legs joints and lengths. One leg was a club-like foot made of wood and the other one was encased in a plaster shell that gave it a more naturalistic appearance. This ultimately gave his work on these dolls a surreal perspective since they were generated from his unconscious mind and seemed increasingly irrational. This was to those who were not keen participants.

Applying PR theory and concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Applying PR theory and concepts - Essay Example Vodafone is the largest mobile phone operators in the world and NSPCC is one of the leading charity organizations located in UK. The objective of the PR department in Vodafone is to create a positive and favourable image of the company in the customer’s minds. This is especially applicable during times when the company launches a new product or service and communicates the message to the customers. Similarly NSPCC also undertakes different kinds of PR activities for communicating with its stakeholders. PR activities are considered especially important for the company because it is a charitable organization and makes little investments on advertisements. In such a condition, public relations are considered to be the most cost effective and authentic model of communication with stakeholders. The second part of the project mainly focuses on the different theories of public relations describing them elaborately. Moreover the applications of the theories in practice are also highli ghted along with comments about the ways it could be improved in the future. The three main stakeholder groups identified in Vodafone are its investors, consumers and employees. Maintaining proper relationship with stakeholders is considered to be of prime importance as they are the people who could affect the company’s business or who can be affected by it too. Vodafone seeks to communicate its perspectives with them and at the same time gains their feedback too. The feedback received provides information about the judgement about the sustainability priorities for the company’s strategies and also feeds into the appropriate sustainability strategies (Vodafone, 2011). In order to communicate with stakeholders the company undertakes PR activities like conducting conference calls, or meetings with investors on a regular basis. This is done with the aim of understanding

There is no set topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

There is no set topic - Essay Example In particular, a representation of nature and America is perceived in the ‘self’ under his possession and by rhetorical naming, he enumerates acquaintances of humans and dispositions at the aim of making recognition to their worth by way of contributing to be part of his formation. Seemingly he puts this in a resonance that as he takes part of what others are, equivalently, his existence shares to them a part of himself. No matter how large and distinct the external world is and the other human beings outside of the individual self, Whitman persuades the readers to find the essence in collectiveness as bearing impact upon the singleness of a person. Just like a ‘self’ with a soul of its own, the collective co-existences surrounding form a network to the self so if seen as a whole, the collection is seen as one with a singular soul that discerns every part of itself as every part is the self making up the breathing union. As he tries to raise a political stand on describing a ‘democratic self’, Whitman admits at having undergone a struggle of remaining part of a whole while invoking the freedom to acquire an identity which by nature stands different or unique compared with the rest. In an attempt to draw upon a comprehension that would appeal to the greatest number, he humbly exemplifies his inability to answer a child’s basic query of what a grass is. On admitting that his level of knowledge is nowhere above that of the innocent’s Walt alludes how complex it is to figure a self in democracy yet in harmony with the other selves that altogether fit in the union that exudes out connectedness. Emotionally stating ‘Or I guess the grass is itself a child, the produced babe of

Causes of Concrete Failure

Causes of Concrete Failure Concrete and steel are materials commonly used in building construction. Concrete is formed by mixture of aggregates which are sand and stone, and bonded together by water and cement with the proper ratio of 1:2:4 or 1:3:6 which is commonly used. Steel is a material that is manufactured under carefully controlled condition by which its properties are determined in a laboratory. Combining concrete and steel gives increased strength to resist heavy loads to increase the lifetime of the structure. Even though concrete and steel give many advantages on building, they can also cause failure to the structure thru the impropriate procedure work, and lacks of efficient control and monitoring mechanism (A.M. Neville, 2002),which happen to the concrete column at the building of University of Technology Mara (Ismail M, 2005). The list of previous dissertation topics by building surveying students shows that there has never been a study or research done on concrete failure in the Industrial Zone. Due to the importance of awareness and understanding of concrete failure, the dissertation topic on The Causes Effects of Concrete Failure on Residential Building Surrounding Industrial Zone is chosen for research and case study. The idea on this topic also came when conducting condition survey on the Shah Alam Commercial building where it is important to understand the effects of the emissions produced from industrial area to the concrete structures in order to prevent concrete failure. The aim of dissertation is to give an insight on the causes of the defects, share what measures are taken by the building authority to prevent it and to find the result on the majority causes of the failure and its effect in real case study. The objectives of dissertations are: To study the causes and effects of concrete failure to the building structure To investigate and study the causes and effects of concrete failure of the real life cases i.e buildings in the industrial areas To come up with recommendations to prevent or minimise the concrete failure The scopes of the dissertation are: Literature review on concrete, type of cement and causes of the concrete failure. Case study on the affected residential buildings surrounding industrial zone at section 25 Shah Alam, Klang Valley, and Petaling Jaya. Produce questionnaire and conduct interviews with the contractors, clients, consultant or building maintenance personnel. Analysis of the results based on site observations, reports and interviews To give recommendations based on the result to prevent or minimise the concrete failure on structure. Below shows the procedures to reach the goal for my dissertation. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CASE STUDY FINDINGS ANALYSIS RESULT (Goal) RECOMMENDATION The dissertation consists of 6 chapters. The dissertation starts with the introduction of the project which includes scopes, objective, and the aims of the project which are stated as chapter 1. Chapter 2 is a literature review on concrete. This includes description on the history of concrete and cement, different types of cement, sources and causes of concrete failure and the main theories of the concrete failure. Chapter 3 discusses the analysis and results of the interviews and questionnaires on concrete failure. The experiences of the relevant people interviewed will be shared in this chapter. Chapter 4 gives the detailed report of the case study including the site condition surveying results which consists of the study of building condition. The investigation and site observation on the causes and sources of defects and the remedies will be discussed. The analysis of the findings and the results of the case study will be captured in chapter 5 which include graphs and discussions. Based on the results, the effectiveness of the remedies will be evaluated in this chapter. The last chapter will conclude the case study and gives recommendations which includes the procedures on preparation and designing a building. Literature Review Introduction There are several impact which carried to the failure of the building. Basicly, failure to the structure such as piling, foundation, ground soil and etc which end up to the disaster or collapsion to the building where blamed appointed to the engineer in-charge and question that unable to explained. In the end, discussion for solving the problem is issue which has proven to the collapsion of Pulbic Work Department at Petaling Jaya (Star Biz, 2009). Therefore, the problems to the concrete which causes by human error during development procedure can be classified as four (4) categories as follow(Zarina Isnin, 2010) :- Design deficiencies Construction error Material defect Maintenance deficiencies However, the purposed of the study is only concerned on the causes and effects to the concrete failures without any concerning specific on the structure ability. Literature review on this chapter which started with the description on the history of concrete and cement and follow by the classification of cement. The objectives of this chapter is to explained the behaviour of the concrete such as sources of failures and its effects based on the facts of previous study and research. History of Concrete and Cement. In around 2,500 BC, Pyramids was the first recorded structure to used cement. The ancient Egyptian constructed Pyramid by mixing mud with straw to bind dried bricks and by adding gypsum cement and lime.Then, the Greek and the Roman found that by adding lime and water, sand and crushed stone or brick and broken tiles, its produce compressional strength and created the first structural material known as concrete. The Pantheon in Rome, was recorded the first structure used concrete mixture and proven of the success of Roman invention which still standing until today. In 1756, concrete was modernise by the British engineer, John Smeaton by mixing powered brick into the cement and adding pebbles as a coarse aggregate. In 1824, Portland Cement was invented by the english inventor, Joseph Aspdin by burning ground limestone and clay together which change the chemical properties of the materials and produce high quality of cement. It became the first true artificial cement ever produce and re mained its production until today. 20 years later, the parisian inventor, Joseph Monier invented reinforce concrete, which are the combination of concrete and steel which produce the tensile or bendable strength of metal and the compressional strength of concrete to withstand heavy loads (C.L. Page And M.M. Page, 2007). Classification of Cement Cement are categorise as two (2) categories which are Hydraulic Cement and High Alumina Cement. Hydraulic Cement is the cement that set and hardened under chemical reaction. Its can be classified into Natural Cement, Aluminious Cement and Portland Cement. The most used or well known is the Portland Cement (PC) which is high demand in market that are used in the construction and building industries or use as solution to problems for engineer. By changing or reducing or increasing the chemical properties of the compenent can produces another different types of PC and different purposed in construction industry (V.S. Ramachandran, 1984). However, theirs several types of PC are used in malaysia construction industry. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) at figure 2.3 (a) is the most important type of cement which commonly used in construction and building industries which can be purchase at the local building supply store. The OPC was classified into three grades, namely 33 grade, 43 grade and53 grade depending upon the strength of the cement at 28 days when tested as per IS 4031-1988. But the actual strength obtained by these cements at the factory are much higher than the specifications. In the other hand, the production of Rapid Hardening Portland Cement (RHPC) at figure 2.3 (b) is similar to Ordinary Portland Cement (ORC). This cement develops its strength rapidly which give advantages in construction industry where its development at the age of three (3) days, which give the same strength of seven (7) days development to ORC. Although, the RHPC set its development in short period, it is not known as Quick-Setting Portl and Cement (QSPC), but it is well known as High Early Strength Cement because of its development product. The RHPC are widely used in construction industry as Industrial Building System compenent such as prefabricated concrete construction where the formwork is required to be removed in early stage for other use. In other purpose of RHPC are used for road repair works, and in cold weather concrete where the rapid rate of development of strength reduces the vulnerability of concrete to the frost damage (Dr. Hanizah A.H, 1997). Fact showing that OPC is low resistance of the attack of sulphates which produces in ground soil and other particular action. Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement (SRPC) at figure 2.3 (c) give protection to the concrete from chemical attack. Therefore, it is high demand cement which hardly found at the local store rather then OPC. Their normally used at the high concentration of sulphate such as at marine condition area, in foundation and basement, fabrication of pipes which likely buried in sulphate bearing soils, and in sewage treatment or repairs works. Sulphate attack occur during the frame work of hardened cement paste which results the expansion on the paste and produce defect such cracks and subsequent disruption. Attack of the Sulphate is greatly accelerate by alternate wetting and drying which normally takes place before and after the building development which result in the future (Dr. Hanizah A.H, 1997). Quick Setting Portland Cement (QSPC) at figure 2.3 (d) indicates sets very early where setting of property is brought out by reducing the gypsum content at the time of clinker grinding. It is required to be mixed, placed and compacted at early stage and mostly used under water construction and repair work where pumping is involved which has been use during the construction of smart tunnel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia figure 2.3 (f). Use of QSPC in such conditions reduces the pumping time and makes it economical. QSPC may also find its use in some typical grouting operations. For manufacturing various Colored Portland Cements (CPC) at figure 2.3 (e), either white cement or grey Portland cement is used as a base because of white cement is costly. Basicly, the CPC is generally use as decorative work and its production is from mixing several percentages of pigment with portland cement which form to grey or red or brown (Dr. Hanizah A.H, 1997). Theories about concrete failure Knowledge and understanding the behaviour of the concrete or in other words Durability of Concrete are most important to the engineer or developer to prevent the concrete fail to serve its purpose as durable material. Durability of concrete is defined as its resistance to deteriorating influences which may through inadvertence or ignorance reside in the concrete itself, or which are inherent in the environment to which it is exposed.(Wood H, 1968). Previous study, proved that their are several theories causing the concrete to reduce its strength and its capability which can be either external or internal factor. The behaviour can be either physical, chemical, or mechanical which can damaged the concrete indirect or direct processes (A.M Neville, 2002). Therefore, the physical theory which causes the concrete loss its performanance which either by the effect of the high temperature or differences in thermal expansion of aggregates. Infact, the alternating freezing and thawing of concrete and the associated action of de-icing salt are the combination of physical and chemical processes which likely as contraction and expansion process where normally takes long periods of time to give its result. However, the chemical process normally take places at external area where the chemical attack mainly from the aggressive ions likely as chlorides, sulphates, or carbon dioxide, which mainly produces by the natural or industrial. Other theory was the mechanical process which either made by the abrasion, erosion, cavitation or loads impact (A.M. Neville, 1995). But however, sources of the concrete failure can be considers into two (2) factors (C.L. Page And M.M. Page, 2007):- The environment factors The production factors. The Environmental factors The environment is one of the sources which something that cannot be controlled by human or in other words known as the act of God. Therefore, these factors can be categorise as (Edward A. Noy, 2005) :- Abrasion and Erosion, Climatic Condition, Atmospheric Pollution, Biological Attack, and Chemical Attack. Abrasion and Erosion Abrasion is the running surface or namely as landslide that cause by rain which are either direct or indirect fall to the unprotected surfaces which happen on high land area. However, the definition for the erosion is commonly similar with abrasion but different in process where it occur on force motion. Therefore, these two factors can occur either by human action or forces of nature (Edward A. Noy, 2005). Climatic Condition Commonly, the most effected surface on concrete are at the exterior area on building. Therefore, the design of the concrete at exterior area must be able to withstand the conditions that produced such as the weather or temperature changes, both daily and seasonal. The processes normally end up with cracking and spalling that may cause by expansion and contraction where the process takes long period of time to produce its result(Edward A. Noy, 2005). Atmospheric Pollution Atmospheric Pollution is one of the environment source which is not a new problem where the prevention was made since King Edward II of England in 12 century until today. Therefore, world new era of technology for economical purposed which made rapid growth of industrialized buildings for instance, factories where developed without realizing the impact to the environment such as emission of acidic and alkaline agents into atmosphere that is pollutant. These two compenent can cause failures to concrete where the aggressive reaction of both agents can overtake the compenent of the concrete which result in reducing the value of the concrete and causing corrosion problem in reinforced concrete bar. These problem not only effected the failures to concrete, but its also effected the human health which can cause illness, athsma, running nose, red eyes, and also can cause death (Harris,Samuel Y, 2005). Biological Attack Generally, every building will produce this type of problem which result in the growth of algae, fungi and bacteria to the concrete. These cause by the temperature different between internal and external of building where the temperature meet at dew-point and produce moisture to the concrete which to the growth that be solve by maintenance or temperture controlled (Edward A. Noy, 2005). Chemical Attack Chemical attack is the source that made the failures to concrete where the process involve the changing of the concrete compenent either by adding or increasing or reducing its compenent. The chemical attack which produce by rain and ground soil are carried acids and sulphate compenent. Chemical attack normally react during development where reaction of acids and soft water with the hardened cement, reaction of sulphates with aluminates in concrete, and reaction of alkalis with reactive aggregates in concrete (Ransom W.H, 1981). The Production Factors The production factor is involvement of human to controlled the concrete quality. To produce quality concrete, it can be categories as followed (Edward A. Noy, 2005):- Type of cement Type of aggregates Degree of compaction Water / Cement ratio. Type of Cement At chapter 2.3 are the several types of cement and its charactistic which are use in malaysia. The proper choice of cement use is important to produces concrete to protect its compenent from overtake by other deficiencies. However, by accurate measurement or calculation, can help the concrete to serve its ability without concerning its maintenance. Table 2.1 below show the measurement or calculation of cement which has been done by previous study (Edward A. Noy, 2005). Type of Aggregates Researcher proven that durable concrete can produced by good quality aggregates that are clean and free from impurities. Aggregates is used to decribe the gravel, crushed stones and the other materials which are mixed with cement water to make concrete. These can be classify as High Density aggregates, Normal aggregates and Light Weight aggregates. High-Density aggregate are classified as high specific gravity which are likely required in exceptional circumstances. However, Normal Density Aggregate specificed gravity between about 2.5 and 3.0 such as crushed rock, sand and gravel and broken bricks which happened in natural (Concrete Society, 1989). For the Light Weight Aggregate are the partical density or dry loose bulk density of less than 2000 kg/m3. Therefore, materials which can be considers as light weight aggregate are pumice, foamed lava, volcanic tuff and porous limestone which happened naturally. However, materials required processing which occurs naturally such as expanded clay, shale and slate are also consider as light weight aggregate. Other material which still consider as ligth aggregates such as sintered pulverised fuel ash (fly ash) aintered slate and colliery waste, foamed or expanded blast furnace slag that produce from industrial (Edward A. Noy, 2005). Degree of compaction Compaction or Vibration to the mixing concrete before drying process in progress are very important to prevent the failure not only to the concrete which also to the structure. The purposed of these method are to reduce the air which trapped during placing the concrete and to prevention of honeycomb on the concrete surfaces. Air contained inside concrete is about 5% every 75mm slumped and concrete with a 25mm slump may contain as much as 20%. If fully compaction or proper vibration procedure is made, concrete can result in strong, impermeable and durable otherwise, durability will be drastically reduced due to air voids in the concrete. As calculation was made, every 1% air contain in the concrete can reduce more than 5% loss of strength to the concrete and also reducing the bonding between concrete and reinforcement (A.M Neville, 2002). Water/Cement ratio As the engineering done the practice on the workability which are commonly conducted before applying it to the building as it compenent. One of the workability factor was water cement ratio which proven the most improtant part in producing quality concrete. Mixing of concrete should be applyed with lowest w/c ratio as possible and tested with compaction methods as mention previously inorder to produces durable and ability concrete. In engineering researches in german labratory, the practicles of the ratio give different spaces. The higher w/c ratio give more workability to the concrete compared to the lowest w/c ratio. Although, the high w/c ratio gives advantage on workability but it can reduce the concrete ability and effecting the hardening process at the early stage which can produce deficiencies to the concrete in the future. Therefore, figure 2.5 shows the differences spacing between cement practicles in different w/c ratio. Defect on Concrete As mention before, the sources of the concrete failure are from the environment factor and the production factor that been described at 2.4 and 2.5. The effects of these factor gives defect to concrete which are majority resulting in cracks. Some of the defects can be identified immediately and some cannot be recognised. As building surveyor, recognising defect and decision making on the problems are difficult part mostly to unidentify defect or unexplainable problems. Some of the solving method can be costly such as defect occured on foundation which effecting the structure compared to the defect occur to the concrete which can be easily done by owner himself. Figure 2.6 shows the identification of typical types of cracking to concrete surfaces which cause by this factors which has been study before. Deformation of the Surface Three defects cause deformation of the concrete surface, but may not exhibit any other symptoms. The first is curling or warping. This is the deformation of the edges and corners of a slab-on-ground in the absence of any loads. When caused by moisture, this deformation is called warping; when caused by temperature, it is called curling. The second defect is the delamination of surface mortar from underlying concrete. It is difficult to visually observe a delamination before it becomes dislodged from the surface. However, in small discrete locations, the surface may exhibit convex rising called blistering. Blisters are generally isolated, but may be closely spaced and can combine to form a large blister or delamination. A third defect occurs when isolated low spots on the surface collect water and have no means of drainage. These surface water pools are known as birdbaths. Cracking of the Surface Cracks appear in concrete for many reasons. Some cracks can appear as secondary symptoms of other defects, such as a long rounded crack following the structural failure of a warped slab. Discussed here are cracks that are primary symptoms of distress, caused by volume changes and structural failure. Shrinkage cracks have many different looks and can be e difficult to distinguish from cracks caused by other mechanisms. Discreet, parallel cracks that look like tearing of the surface are caused by shrinkage while the concrete is still fresh, called plastic shrinkage. Fine random cracks or fissures that may only be seen when the concrete is drying after being moistened are called crazing. This defect may also become evident when a translucent coating is applied to the concrete surface. Cracking that occurs in a three-point pattern is generally caused by drying shrinkage. Large pattern cracking, called map-cracking, can be caused by alkali-silica reaction within the concrete. Structural failure cracking may look like many other types of cracking; however, in slabs they are often associated with subsequent elevation changes, where one side of the crack is be lower than the other. Disintegration of the Surface Disintegration of the surface is generally caused by three types of distress. When laitance forms on the surface, it is called dusting. This can be caused by a number of reasons, which include carbonation of the surface by unventilated heaters or by applying water during finishing. Raveling or spalling at joints occurs when aggregates or pieces of concrete from the joint edges are dislodged. The last form of disintegration is the breaking of pieces from the surface of the concrete generally caused by delaminations and blistering. Popouts are conical fragments that come off the surface, typically leaving a broken aggregate at the bottom of the hole. Popoffs, or mortar flaking, is similar to popouts, except that the aggregate is not broken and the broken piece is generally smaller. Flaking of the concrete surface over a widespread area is called scaling. Types of cracks Popoffs, or mortar flaking, is similar to popouts, except that the aggregate is not broken and the broken piece is generally smaller. Flaking of the concrete surface over a widespread area is called scaling.

Chanel Essay -- essays research papers

CHANEL  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabrielle ‘Coco’ Chanel was born in Saumur, France in 1884. Vogue Magazine referred to her as â€Å"the couturier who takes no account of fashion, who pursues her own faultlessly elegant line in the quiet confidence that fashion will come back to her - and sure enough it always does.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chanel began designing heavily during the 1920s. Her first outfits were wool jerseys, and were very simple. She became famous for the simple look of her extremely classy outfits. Chanel stayed away from the vivid colors of many of the other designers of the time. Instead, she used blacks, navy, and tan almost exclusively. Unlike many designers who primarily made dresses and suits, Chanel also designed jackets, hats, and costume jewelry. When presenting a show, she did not have to accessorize her models with designs from other houses. Chanel designed well into the 1930s, but was forced to close her house during the years of World War Two. In 1954, she was able to reopen, and she designed until she died in 1971.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chanel was one of the most influential designers of the twentieth century with a non-conformist and classical streak. Coco designed the definitive women’s suit, wore masculine clothes, sported a cropped haircut and flaunted a suntan when it was considered to be an symbol of the working class. In 1916, she outraged the fashion industry by using jersey at a time when it was strictly associated with... Chanel Essay -- essays research papers CHANEL  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabrielle ‘Coco’ Chanel was born in Saumur, France in 1884. Vogue Magazine referred to her as â€Å"the couturier who takes no account of fashion, who pursues her own faultlessly elegant line in the quiet confidence that fashion will come back to her - and sure enough it always does.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chanel began designing heavily during the 1920s. Her first outfits were wool jerseys, and were very simple. She became famous for the simple look of her extremely classy outfits. Chanel stayed away from the vivid colors of many of the other designers of the time. Instead, she used blacks, navy, and tan almost exclusively. Unlike many designers who primarily made dresses and suits, Chanel also designed jackets, hats, and costume jewelry. When presenting a show, she did not have to accessorize her models with designs from other houses. Chanel designed well into the 1930s, but was forced to close her house during the years of World War Two. In 1954, she was able to reopen, and she designed until she died in 1971.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chanel was one of the most influential designers of the twentieth century with a non-conformist and classical streak. Coco designed the definitive women’s suit, wore masculine clothes, sported a cropped haircut and flaunted a suntan when it was considered to be an symbol of the working class. In 1916, she outraged the fashion industry by using jersey at a time when it was strictly associated with...

Impact of Media Technology on Learning Behavior

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How Quick-Dry Nail Polish Works

How Quick-Dry Nail Polish Works A lot of science goes into quick-drying nail polish products. Have you ever wondered which quick-dry products work and how they dry your nails faster? Heres how it works. How Quick-Drying Nail Polish Works Quick-drying nail polish contains the same ingredients as regular nail polish, except it, has even more solvent. The solvent evaporates quickly, reducing your drying time. Disadvantages Faster drying comes at a price. Since there is more solvent than usual, quick-drying formulations tend to be runnier than regular polish and leave behind a thinner coat of polish. Usually, a second film forming ingredient (copolymer) is added to quick drying formulations so that they will form a coat in a short amount of time. Some people feel the quick polishes produce a duller or weaker coat than you would get from regular polish. Other Quick Dry Products Quick-drying nail polish isnt the only route to a fast finish. There are other quick-dry products, such as sprays or drops that you apply over the polish to make it dry almost instantly. These products typically contain volatile silicones which evaporate fast, taking the polish solvent along with them. The top film of the polish forms almost immediately, so youre less likely to smudge your nails. Depending on how thick the polish is, you may still need a few minutes to get a good hard set that wont dent under pressure.

Social problem facing the contemporary US

Social problem facing the contemporary US Introduction The US is a first world country with visible developments in the communal realms. It is recognizable as a developed country with minimal flaws. Nevertheless, in recent years numerous negative things have been associated with such an entity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social problem facing the contemporary US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They include war, crimes, poverty, racism and discrimination, which affect them socially and economically. Mooney, Knox Schacht (2010) thus define a social problem as any social condition that has a negative impact on the society and the environment. A variety of social problems faces the American citizens in the contemporary society. These include crime, war, inaccessibility to better care, poverty, unemployment, bigotry and inequity, illegal immigrations and inadequate shelter. These are examples of social problems, which affect such a populace thus the need f or the government to address them swiftly lest they exude negative impact on subsequent generations. This paper mainly focuses on the health care issues affecting the contemporary American society with a definite focus on African Americans, elderly and related special groups. Healthcare The sole social problem facing the contemporary United States during this century pertains to healthcare. For example, obesity, cancer, diabetes and sexual abuses are prevalent. Mooney, Knox Schacht (2010) reviewed studies that indicated that in every three women in a relationship at least one has been battered, forced into sexual activity or abused in numerous ways. Unfortunately, persons they know normally initiates such acts. Despite the notion that battering is one of the major causes of hurt, and disability among the African-American women, most healthcare centers are not able to recognize this incident as a healthcare issue. Furthermore, the rate at which the African-American citizens are invo lved in drug abuse especially smoking leads to an increase in the death rate of the population due to heart diseases, strokes and cancer. According to Patel and Rushefsky (2008), federal courts passed a ruling on the medical care civil rights act in 1994, which was to offer health care services to all patients regardless of race, division or the social economic status of an individual. Unfortunately, this problem is yet to be substantially analyzed. Analysis of the problem Although several persons have ignored such a concern, it is evident that for an individual to comprehend the current health care crisis of the African American population, one must understand the legacy of the experience of the slavery. This is together with the role of racism in the provision of diverse facets of care (Patel and Rushefsky, 2008). Former Senator Bradley once said that the slavery experienced by the African American population was and still is the American’s first sin since racism persists a s the unresolved dilemma.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With reference to the most recent research, it is evident that most medical services offered by the American government consciously or subconsciously discriminate the African American. For instance, a report by the â€Å"U.S. Department of human health services† indicates that, the ethnic minorities are treated differently as compared to the whites due to either racial bias or cultural misunderstanding (Patel and Rushefsky, 2008). Another factor that has contributed to the poor medical services to the African American in America incorporates their beliefs and ethics. Such aspects have a great impact on their lifestyle, health care maintenance and education. For instance, the blacks are always regarded lower thus, the services they obtain from the care sector is of lower standard as compared to the service s given to the whites. Such intolerance and bigotry has further lead to the continuous increase of the medical care costs with time. Furthermore, the idea of insuring an employee by an employer has its limitations. This is attributable to the fact that companies with many employees can insure them medically, while those companies with few employees, covering their employees’ medical cover fail to acquire the appropriate resources. By doing the latter, the company is ultimately giving the employees an extra burden of paying their own medical bills including the family members. This often culminates as a costly affair. Apart from the working class, there are the elderly people in the society who require care services. However, the fee of management is often elevated since they require additional services like nursing homes and drug prescriptions, which are costly while the young require hospital services only (Patel and Rushefsky 2008). Sociological theory as a basis for explan ation Sociological theory can be termed as a set of solid ideas and information that allow for the systematization of social world basing on established notions. These theories change with time depending on changes arising in the social world. An example of a sociological theory that explains the health care of the Americans is the rebellion theory, which indicates that the society shuns approved goals and agreements. Dillon (2007) indicates that this notion would question the economy of the health care and the social inequality. Despite having good intentions to the society by trying to provide good health care, the social, political and economic interests always ends up interfering with their goal. This occurs when the stipulated strategies that scrutinize the performance of the health care services is not applied effectively leading to low outcome performance of the hospital services, insurance companies, pharmaceutical drug companies. Furthermore, doctors’ together with n urses’ professional jobs, corporate and small business employers, federal and states government and medical malpractice lawyers are included.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social problem facing the contemporary US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, Marxist’s sociological theory claims that class is a very important factor that determines the access of an African American to health services, privileges and power in America. This situation affects the blacks despite that both the whites and the blacks are subject to similar conditions (Dillon 2010). Conclusion In spite the care problems facing the country, several strategies are employed to improve delivery of care. There is a continuous improvement of the standard of services offered by the medical health care organization and the insurance companies. Electronic system is being set up to examine and assess the medical care services. Additio nally, appropriate policies and guidelines governing the use of health care resources effectively must be set. The government should reduce costs associated with health care to advance accessibility by citizens. By doing this, the health care crisis will have negligible unenthusiastic force on the societal realms. References Dillon, M., (2010). Introduction to sociological theory: theorist, concepts, and their  applicability to the twenty- first century, Malden, MA: Wiley- Blackwell. Mooney, L.A., Knox, D., and Schacht, C., (2010). Understanding social problems, seventh Edition, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Patel, K., Rushefsky, M. E. (2008). Health care in America: separate and unequal,  New York, M.E. Sharpe, Inc.

Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Leadership - Assignment Example Objectives of the change management programme were to, restructure the organisation, introduce a collaborative culture, and transform the organisation into an agile business. This section critically reviews the change management program, initiated by the management, through the human resources department (UKWON, 2008). Literature Review: Change management is often a traumatic experience, especially for old firms, since it can involve restructuring the organisation, bringing in process and technology changes, terminating or redeploying the older staffs that do not have the required skills for the new technologies. In many cases, the change begins at the organisation culture level as the firm tries to transform itself (Morgan, 1997). For these reasons, the initial resistance to change in many organisations is high, and the HR department needs to use finesse and tact in the change management process (Burnes, 2004). Different types of change management are developmental, transitional, transformational, planned, emergent, radical, incremental, episodic, and continuous. Developmental change seeks to correct existing processes, such as improving the skills or processes (Wilkins and Patterson, 1985). Transitional change is about seeking a different state, from the current state (Fernandez and Rainey, 2006 ). Transformational change tries to create an organisation that is significantly different from the existing state, and it can affect the culture, internal processes, strategy, and the organisational structure (Shaw, 1997). Each of these changes has their own methods and dynamics, and is implemented with different time spans, during which the organisation must change (UKWON, 2008). Leadership and change management process at BT: The forces of globalisation and the free market policy, which the UK government brought in, triggered the problem of change management at BT (Sperber, 1996). As a result, many new telecommunication

STATS Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

STATS - Statistics Project Example The author of this article, titled â€Å"The CDC Conspiracy† has genuinely tried to conduct some media analysis on this subject. Commenting on Brain Hooker’s paper that covered the facts about this topic, the article is critical about its coverage as the paper never bothered to look into the reviews of other media publications like The Washington Post, The New York Times or The Los Angels Times. This provides evidence that Hooker had certain interest to suppress some useful critical statistical data, as claimed by a researcher on the subject and later in a story published in Hooker’s paper by William Thompson. Although CNN tried to present information from two opposite sides, this report also added to confusion of the interested readers. With the background of a senior CDC scientist, who turned a whistle blower: a senior CDC researcher supported the allegation that important data was held-back, intentionally.(Butterworth, 2015) The analysis of this article also throws some light on the media rivalry, which often results in pinpointing each other’s mistakes. However, A few impartial researchers like Rebecca Goldin will always be there, helping anxious readers to reach an impartial